Status of residence · 永住者
Permanent residency in Japan (永住): requirements, timelines, how to apply
Permanent residence (永住者) removes the limits on work and the need to renew your status. The routes by years in Japan, the income and tax checks, the official forms — and the stricter rules for applications from 1 April 2027.
Checked against the Immigration Services Agency of Japan on 7 October 2026 · HSP visa · Japanese citizenship
Why apply
What permanent residence gives you
Permanent residence is the most freedom a foreign national can have in Japan — but it is not citizenship: you keep your passport.
How long
Routes to permanent residence by years in Japan
The years are the minimum of continuous residence. The filing date decides which rule set applies.
| Route | Applications until 31 March 2027 | Applications from 1 April 2027 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | 10 years of continuous residence, at least 5 of them on a work status (not Technical Intern Training or Specified Skilled Worker (i)) or a residence-type status | 10 years, at least 5 of them on a work or residence-type status; Technical Intern Training, Employment for Skill Development (育成就労), Specified Skilled Worker (i), Intra-company Transferee and some Designated Activities do not count as work status | Student years count toward the 10. Household income above the Japanese average for your household size — already for applications filed from 1 April 2026 and pending on 1 October 2026 |
| Spouse of a Japanese national or of a permanent resident | 3 years of real married life + 1 year in Japan | 5 years of real married life + 3 years in Japan | Also spouses of special permanent residents |
| Child of a Japanese national or permanent resident | 1 year in Japan | 3 years in Japan | |
| Long-Term Resident | 5 years on this status | 5 years on this status | |
| HSP, 80 points | 1 year | 1 year | The HSP status itself is not required — the points must be kept continuously |
| HSP, 70 points | 3 years | 3 years | Same |
Source: ISA guideline on permanent residence, revised 24 February 2026 (current) and 1 October 2026 (from 1 April 2027).
Filed between 2 October 2026 and 31 March 2027? ISA has not said how these applications are treated: literally, neither the transitional clause (filed from 1 April 2026 and pending on 1 October 2026) nor the 2027 rules cover them. Ask the immigration bureau before you file.
How ISA counts: the 10 years must be continuous. HSP holders do not have to switch to the HSP status: you need 80 points or more continuously for at least 1 year (70 or more for at least 3 years). Holders of J-Skip (特別高度人材) have their own ISA application page.
What is checked
Requirements for permanent residence
Forms and documents
Application for permanent residence: forms and documents
One form for everyone; the document set depends on your current status. Documents from Japan must be issued within the last 3 months; foreign documents need a Japanese translation.
How to apply
You apply at the regional immigration services bureau for your address, with proof of income, taxes and pension and a letter of guarantee. ISA’s standard processing period is 4–6 months; in practice it can take longer. General procedures: immigration procedures.
The fee is paid only on approval: ¥10,000 if the application was received by 30 September 2026, ¥200,000 if filed from 1 October 2026. Permanent residence cannot be applied for online.
Choose your current status — below are the form, the filled-in example, ISA’s checklists and the document list for your case. How many years of tax and contribution records you need depends on the status.
spouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent resident: Spouse or Child of Japanese National (日本人の配偶者等) or of Permanent Resident (永住者の配偶者等): spouse or child of a Japanese national, permanent resident or special permanent resident (特別永住者).
Long-Term Resident (定住者): You can apply for permanent residence after 5 years in Japan on this status.
work status or Dependent (家族滞在): Engineer/Specialist (技術・人文知識・国際業務), Skilled Labor (技能), Business Manager and other work statuses, and Dependents (家族滞在).
HSP: 80+ points: 80 points or more on the HSP points table: you must keep the points continuously for at least 1 year — on the HSP status or on another status (then the points are also proven as of the day 1 year before the application).
HSP: 70+ points: 70 points or more on the HSP points table: you must keep the points continuously for at least 3 years — on the HSP status or on another status (then the points are also proven as of the day 3 years before the application).
Application for permanent residence (永住許可申請)
You apply yourself at the regional immigration services bureau for your address while your current status is valid. If your status expires while the application is being examined, apply for an extension separately before it ends. A parent applies for a child under 16.
Files open from the website of the Immigration Services Agency of Japan (ISA). Forms are in Japanese and English; links checked 6 Oct 2026.
For 80 and 70 points ISA has two pages each: for holders of the HSP status (高度専門職) and for people on another status who have kept enough points continuously for at least 1 year (80) or 3 years (70). The documents are almost the same; the buttons below come from the page for the HSP status.
Documents
- First — ISA’s self-check sheet (セルフチェックシート) 永住許可申請セルフチェックシートspouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent residentIf you answer “no” to any question, the risk of refusal is high — ISA says so itself. Even with no “no”, approval is not guaranteed.self-check sheet · Excel
- First — ISA’s self-check sheet (セルフチェックシート) 永住許可申請セルフチェックシートLong-Term Resident (定住者)If you answer “no” to any question, the risk of refusal is high — ISA says so itself. Even with no “no”, approval is not guaranteed.self-check sheet · Excel
- First — ISA’s self-check sheet (セルフチェックシート) 永住許可申請セルフチェックシートwork status or Dependent (家族滞在), HSP: 80+ points, HSP: 70+ pointsIf you answer “no” to any question, the risk of refusal is high — ISA says so itself. Even with no “no”, approval is not guaranteed.self-check sheet · Excel
- Check your set against the ISA checklist for your case 提出書類チェックシートspouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent residentspouse of a Japanese national · Excelchild of a Japanese national · Excelspouse of a permanent resident · Excelchild of a permanent resident · Exceldocument overview · PDF
- Check your set against the ISA checklist for your case 提出書類チェックシートLong-Term Resident (定住者)Long-Term Resident checklist · Exceldocument overview · PDF
- Check your set against the ISA checklist for your case 提出書類チェックシートwork status or Dependent (家族滞在)work status · Excel家族滞在 · Exceldocument overview · PDF
- Check your set against the ISA checklist for your case 提出書類チェックシートHSP: 80+ pointsThe button is for the HSP status. If you are on another status, the checklist is on ISA page 4-(1)-イ.80 points, HSP status · Exceldocument overview · PDF
- Check your set against the ISA checklist for your case 提出書類チェックシートHSP: 70+ pointsThe button is for the HSP status. If you are on another status, the checklist is on ISA page 4-(2)-イ.70 points, HSP status · Exceldocument overview · PDF
- Application form for permanent residence 永住許可申請書One form for everyone; the filled-in example is for your case.
- Photo, 4 × 3 cm 写真Following ISA’s photo rules. Not needed for children under 1.
- Statement of reasons: why you want permanent residence 理由書Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在), HSP: 80+ points, HSP: 70+ pointsFree format.
- Documents proving family relationship 戸籍謄本・婚姻証明書・出生証明書等spouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent resident, Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在)Spouse of a Japanese national — the spouse’s family register (戸籍謄本) and the marriage certificate; child of a Japanese national — the parent’s 戸籍謄本; spouse or child of a permanent resident — the marriage or birth certificate. On a work status — only if you apply as a Dependent (家族滞在).
- Residence certificate (住民票) — whole household, including you 住民票(世帯全員)Without the My Number (マイナンバー); everything else in full.
- Proof of your job 在職証明書・確定申告書控え・営業許可書・職業説明書Employee — a certificate of employment. Self-employed — a copy of the tax return (確定申告書控え) and the business license. Otherwise — a free-format description of what you do.
- Resident tax certificates for 3 years (income and tax paid) — yours and those of the person who supports you 住民税の課税(又は非課税)証明書及び納税証明書(直近3年分)spouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent residentChildren of Japanese nationals and permanent residents — for 1 year. From the city office of the address on 1 January of each year.
- Resident tax certificates for 5 years (income and tax paid) 住民税の課税(又は非課税)証明書及び納税証明書(直近5年分)Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在)From the city office of the address on 1 January of each year.
- Resident tax certificates for 1 year (income and tax paid) 住民税の課税(又は非課税)証明書及び納税証明書(直近1年分)HSP: 80+ pointsFrom the city office of the address on 1 January.
- Resident tax certificates for 3 years (income and tax paid) 住民税の課税(又は非課税)証明書及び納税証明書(直近3年分)HSP: 70+ pointsFrom the city office of the address on 1 January of each year.
- Proof that resident tax was paid on time 住民税の納付状況を証明する資料(通帳の写し・領収証書等)A copy of a bank passbook or receipts. ISA views tax paid late negatively, even if nothing is owed any more.
- Certificate of national tax payment 国税の納税証明書(その3)Form «その3» — for income tax, consumption tax, inheritance tax and gift tax. From the tax office (税務署).
- Proof of pension contributions and health insurance payments for 2 years 公的年金及び公的医療保険の保険料の納付状況を証明する資料(直近2年間)spouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent resident, Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在), HSP: 70+ pointsChildren of Japanese nationals and permanent residents — for 1 year. Pension — the reply to a record inquiry (被保険者記録照会回答票) or the ねんきん定期便 statement; insurance — a copy of the insurance card, certificates or receipts. Company representatives — also documents on the company’s contributions.
- Proof of pension contributions and health insurance payments for 1 year 公的年金及び公的医療保険の保険料の納付状況を証明する資料(直近1年間)HSP: 80+ pointsPension — the reply to a record inquiry (被保険者記録照会回答票) or the ねんきん定期便 statement; insurance — a copy of the insurance card, certificates or receipts.
- List of family members 親族一覧表spouse or child of a Japanese national or permanent residentSpouses only — not needed for children.form · PDF
- Proof of assets 預貯金通帳の写し・不動産の登記事項証明書等Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在), HSP: 80+ points, HSP: 70+ pointsA copy of a bank passbook, a real-estate register extract and similar documents.
- HSP points calculation — 80 or more 高度専門職ポイント計算表HSP: 80+ pointsYou must keep 80 points continuously for at least 1 year. If you are not on the HSP status — two calculations: as of the application day and as of the day 1 year before. You can count your points with the calculator on the HSP visa page.
- HSP points calculation — 70 or more 高度専門職ポイント計算表HSP: 70+ pointsYou must keep 70 points continuously for at least 3 years. If you are not on the HSP status — two calculations: as of the application day and as of the day 3 years before. You can count your points with the calculator on the HSP visa page.
- Documents for each points item ポイント計算の各項目に関する疎明資料HSP: 80+ points, HSP: 70+ pointsDiploma, income certificate, JLPT certificate and so on. If you have already submitted them to ISA, you can ask to reuse them with the form 資料転用願出書.declaration form · Word
- Documents on your contribution to Japan — if any 我が国への貢献に係る資料(該当する場合)Long-Term Resident (定住者), work status or Dependent (家族滞在)Awards, letters of thanks, letters of recommendation.
- Passport — show it パスポート又は在留資格証明書(提示)
- Residence card — show it 在留カード(提示)
- If someone else submits the documents — their ID 身分を証する文書等(提示)
- Letter of guarantee and the guarantor’s ID 身元保証書・身元保証人の身分事項を明らかにする書類The guarantor is usually a Japanese national, permanent resident or special permanent resident living in Japan; for spouses, usually the spouse. Attach a copy of the guarantor’s ID, for example a driving licence.form · PDFEnglish · PDF
- Acknowledgment of the conditions of permanent residence 了解書Required since 1 October 2021. ISA has 13 versions: Japanese, easy Japanese, English, two kinds of Chinese, Korean, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog, Vietnamese, Nepali and Thai.Japanese · PDFEnglish · PDF
- Fee payment form — handed in when the permission is granted 手数料納付書Revenue stamps (収入印紙) go on the form: ¥10,000 if the application was received by 30 September 2026, ¥200,000 if filed from 1 October 2026. Spouses and children of Japanese nationals, permanent residents or special permanent residents (and refugees) in serious financial hardship can get it reduced to ¥20,000 when there are also humanitarian grounds. The fee can be higher if a specified residence card (特定在留カード) is issued.form · PDF
Immigration may ask for other documents too. Full list: the ISA checklist above and the status page.
- Where to apply
- The regional immigration services bureau for your address. Weekdays 9:00–12:00 and 13:00–16:00
- Fee
- Paid only after approval: ¥10,000 if the application was received by 30 September 2026, ¥200,000 if received from 1 October 2026. About immigration fees
- Standard processing period
- 4–6 months (ISA standard processing period); in practice it can take longer
- Online
- No — permanent residence applications are accepted only at the bureau
New rules
Stricter from April 2027 — and permanent residence can be lost
ISA revised its permanent residence guideline on 1 October 2026, after a public consultation from 4 August to 3 September 2026.
Not the same
Permanent residence and citizenship are different
Life with permanent residence
What stays after you get it
The status has no end date, but you remain a foreign national: the residence card, travel rules and notifications still apply.
FAQ
Permanent residency questions
Can’t find your question? Write to us — a real person replies.
Student → Work → Permanent residence
The most common route in Japan — and where you are on it
Work in Japan
Taxes and pension: what the PR review checks
- Taxes, premiums and your visaWhat immigration checks at renewal and for PRRead more →
- Japanese pensionNational Pension and Employees’ PensionRead more →
- Resident taxHow it works and the second-year surpriseRead more →
All topics: Work in Japan — the full guide
Sources
Where this information comes from
Facts and document lists were checked against the website of the Immigration Services Agency of Japan (ISA) on 7 October 2026. Form links come from a register of ISA files that our server refreshes every week: when ISA publishes a new version of a form, the button opens the new file.
- ISA — Application for permanent residence (永住許可申請): who applies, fee, processing period, checklists
- ISA — permanent residence for spouses and children of Japanese nationals and permanent residents (永住許可申請1)
- ISA — permanent residence for Long-Term Residents (永住許可申請2)
- ISA — permanent residence from a work status or Dependent (永住許可申請3)
- ISA — permanent residence with HSP points (永住許可申請4): 80 and 70 points
- ISA — Guideline on permanent residence, revised 1 October 2026 (applies to applications from 1 April 2027)
- ISA — Guideline on permanent residence, revised 24 February 2026 (current)
- ISA — public consultation on the draft guideline (4 August – 3 September 2026)
- ISA — Guideline on revocation of permanent residence (from 1 April 2027)
- ISA — Q&A on the permanent residence reform
- ISA — permanent residence from Business Manager after 16 October 2025
- ISA — fee reduction in financial hardship
- ISA — fees from 1 October 2026
- ISA — online applications: what can be filed (Q&A)
This page is general information, not legal advice. Immigration decides each application and may ask for more documents. Where a rule is known only from practice, we say so.